Name: ___________________

    Hours Studied: ____________

 

Geology 169:  Earth Science and Human Environment

Exam I:  February 18, 2000

 

Part I:  Multiple-multiple Choice.  Please circle the letter of every correct choice, and remember that there may be one, two, three, or four correct choices per question.  Two points each. 

 

1.                  In this class you can make up

 

a.                  exams.

b.                  oral quizzes.

c.                  written quizzes.

d.                  daily assignments.

 

2.                  A mineral

 

a.                  can be created by humans.

b.                  has a crystalline structure.

c.                  includes calcium carbonate in sea shells.

d.                  can be described with a chemical formula.

 

3.                  Shale

 

a.                  is a metamorphic rock.

b.                  is composed in large part of clay minerals.

c.                  is a weak rock.

d.                  is usually pinkish in color.

 

4.                  Granite

 

a.                  is composed mostly of carbonate minerals.

b.                  is stronger than limestone.

c.                  is an extrusive igneous rock.

d.                  contains large amounts of quartz and feldspar, among other minerals.

 

5.                  At a divergent plate boundary

 

a.                  plates are moving away from each other.

b.                  deep earthquakes are common.

c.                  shield domes often form.

d.                  basalt is being created.

 

 

 

 

6.                  The focus of an earthquake

 

a.                  is the point at which rocks break or move.

b.                  is beneath the epicenter.

c.                  is almost always at the surface of the earth.

d.                  is usually deeper for quakes that occur in subduction zones than it is for quakes that occur in the middle of plates.

 

7.                  Mount Lassen

 

a.                  is a shield dome volcano.

b.         has been created by subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate.

c.                   is one of the most violent of the Cascade volcanoes.

d.                  is likely to erupt in this century.

 

8.                  Mt. St. Helens

 

a.                  killed about 55-60 people when it erupted in 1980.

b.                  produced basaltic lava when it erupted in 1980.

c.                  produced large debris flows in that eruption.

d.                  produced a pyroclastic flow (nuee ardente) in that eruption.

 

9.                  A cylindrical projection

 

a.                  is created by placing a cone on top of a globe and projecting the globe’s image onto the cone.

b.                  greatly exaggerates the sizes of landmasses in polar areas if the cylinder touches the globe at the equator.

c.                  is exemplified by a Mercator projection.

d.                  should never be used in textbooks.

 

10.              USGS topographic maps

 

a.                  are small-scale maps.

b.                  use contour lines to show elevation.

c.                  all use a contour interval of 20’.

d.                  are produced by the US Department of Agriculture.

 

 

Part II:  Definitions.  Please place the value or concept defined in the space provided.  Two points each.

 

1                    ______________________            The rock that is the metamorphic form of limestone.

 

2.            ______________________            The “father” of plate tectonic theory (which he called “continental drift”).

 

3.            ______________________            A plume of magma that burns through plates as they override it; cause of the formation of the Hawaiian islands.

 

4.            ______________________            A series of large ocean waves, generated by underwater volcanic eruptions or earthquakes, that often destroys coastal areas; a major cause of damage in Valdez, Alaska, as a result of the 1964 Anchorage, Alaska, quake. 

 

5.            ______________________            The number of times more ground shaking associated with a Richter 7 than is associated with a Richter 5 quake.

 

6.            ______________________            The proper name for thick, clinkery lava.

 

7.            ______________________            The adjective that describes contour lines that are dotted rather than solid and that are only half a contour interval from the next contour line.

 

 

Part III:  Short Answer/Diagram.

 

1.                  The highest grade you can earn in this class is determined by (2 pts.)

 

             ______________________________________________________________

 

 

2.                  Briefly identify and define each of the three major classes of rocks (6 pts.).

 

a.

 

 

b.

 

 

c.

 

 

3.                  Diagram a subduction zone, showing and labeling each of the following

 

-            two plates and the direction of movement of each (2 pts.)

-                     the associated trench (1 pt.)

-                     the location of magma formation (1 pt.)

-                     the associated volcano, including its proper shape (2 pts.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.                  What is causing the formation of the Himalaya Mountains (2 pts.)?

 

 

 

5.                  Diagram a normal and a reverse fault, showing with arrows the direction of movement.  Be certain to illustrate the difference between the two types of faults (4 pts.).

 

                        Normal                                                                         Reverse

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.                  List and briefly explain four factors about an earthquake that will exacerbate (make worse) the damage associated with the quake (4 pts.).

 

a.

 

 

b.

 

 

c.

 

 

d.

 

7.                  Below diagram a shield dome volcano and a composite cone volcano, showing their differences in size and shape compared to each other.  Four points.

 

                        Shield Dome                                                   Composite Cone

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.                  Arrange the following volcanoes in order of the likely violence of a future eruption – Mt. Lassen, Kilauea, Yellowstone (3 pts.)

 

Most violent:

 

Less violent:

 

Least violent:

 

 

9.                  Diagram a volcano using contour lines.  Make the volcano 1000’ high, use a contour interval of 200’, and show a crater that is 125’ deep.  Five points.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Part IV.  Place Names.  Locate each of the places noted on the accompanying outline maps in their proper location.  One point each.  NOTE:  For your own protection, please do this now.  In the past, students have left place names until the end of the exam and then have forgotten to do them.  TEN POINTS TOTAL.

 

Part V.  Essay.   In a well-written, well-organized essay, answer one (and only one) of the following questions.  Be certain that you start your essay with a short introduction and end it with a short conclusion.  The essay should be divided into logical paragraphs, each starting with a topic sentence.  Then the rest of each paragraph should be composed of supporting statements and examples.  Use diagrams when they would enhance your answer.  Be certain that I can easily read you answer (because if I have to struggle to read your penmanship I won’t do it and you get a zero), spell correctly, use complete sentences, and in general be certain that the quality of your thinking and writing is suitable for a college course.  Twenty points.

 

1.                  You will be moving for your dream job to an earthquake-prone area.  Explain ALL the precautions you will undertake to be certain that you and your family will survive what you know will be major quakes.  Note:  Obviously this question is similar to the listing question on your last quiz, but remember that this answer is worth 20 points, not four.  Therefore, be much more inclusive in your answer than you were last week, and also be certain to explain why you will do the things you say you will.  Your explanations will be worth far more points than what you say you are going to do. 

 

or

 

2.            Describe and explain the causes of each of the hazards associated with volcanic eruptions, being certain to indicate which are more dangerous to humans and why.  As with the question above on earthquakes, your explanation of the hazards will be worth far more than your identification of each hazard.

 

 

Please place the NUMBER (and number

only) of each of the following locations

in the proper place on the map. 

1.                  Atlantic Ocean

2.                  Hudson Bay

3.                  Andes Mountains

4.                  Nazca Plate

5.                  East African Plate

 

Please place the NUMBER (and number

only) of each of the following locations

in the proper place on the map.

6.         San Francisco, CA

7.         New Madrid, MO

8.                  Wyoming

9.                  Arizona

10.              Pennsylvania