Name: ________________________
Hours Studied for This Exam: _____
Exam IV:
December 7, 1999
Part I: Multiple-multiple Choice. Please circle the letter of every correct choice and remember that there many be one, two, three, or four correct choices per question. Two points each.
1. Glacial till
a. is stratified.
b. is deposited directly from glacial ice.
c. contains many erratics.
d. made good material from which our ancestors built foundations for houses and barns.
2. The Two Creeks buried forest
a. is found in southern Wisconsin just south of the terminal moraine of the Green Bay Lobe.
b. contains dead tree trunks and limbs.
c. grew during an interglacial.
d. is an important site for unraveling glacial history in Wisconsin.
3. The hydrologic cycle
a. indicates that water inputs to the atmosphere include evaporation from oceans, lakes and rivers, plus evapotranspiration and precipitation.
b. shows that water moves through the soil and bedrock toward rivers and oceans.
c. shows that groundwater originally comes from evaporation from water reservoirs such as oceans and lakes.
d. shows cones of depression beneath wells.
4. A river’s load
a. will increase as velocity decreases.
b. will decrease as a river’s velocity increases.
c. will increase as velocity increases.
d. will decrease as velocity decreases.
5. In an area of internal drainage,
a. river’s flow across deserts to an ocean.
b. playas develop.
c. salinas are created when salty water evaporates.
d. deltas form at the mouth of the rivers.
6. Flash floods
a. are more typical of arid environments than humid ones.
b. usually occur when precipitation events last several days and the ground can no longer absorb additional moisture.
c. subside within a few hours.
d. usually destroy natural levees and point bar deposits.
7. The following enhance the formation of caves:
a. silicate-based rocks.
b. a humid environment.
c. highly jointed and bedded rock.
d. time.
Part II: Definitions. Please place the term or valued defined in the space provided. Two points
each.
1. ____________________________ A conical landform made of stratified drift.
2. ____________________________ A valley carved by a small glacier such that its floor is far above the floor of a valley into which it leads, which was carved by a much larger glacier.
3. ____________________________ The slow percolation of water through the soil toward the water table.
4. ____________________________ The adjective that describes straight-line flow of water in a river.
5. ____________________________ Erosion that is caused when the rate of precipitation exceeds the infiltration rate.
6. ____________________________ The type of fluvial erosion that is particularly effective on limestone.
7. ____________________________ The type of river created when the river’s load exceeds the river’s ability to transport it.
8. ____________________________ The landform opposite the cut bank.
9. ____________________________ The landform made by adjacent alluvial fans that overlap each other.
10. ____________________________ A dry river bed in an arid area; a poor choice of a place to camp.
11. ____________________________ The type of load that would be most important in a river with turbulent flow.
12. ____________________________ Straight, hollow stalactites.
13. ____________________________ The percent of pore space in rock or soil.
14. ____________________________ Another name for a pillar.
Part III:
Short Answer/Diagrams.
1. Draw a drainage basin in which you show a drainage network with a dendritic drainage pattern. Label the drainage divide. Three points.
2. Using the discharge formula and simple numbers, explain (do not merely state) what happens to a river’s velocity when the cross sectional area is decreased. Four points.
3. Diagram a cross section of a river in the steep gradient section of its profile, showing the shape of the valley. Two points.
4. Next to each landform, indicate whether it is erosional or depositional and which agent of gradation has created it. One point each.
Feature Erosional or Depositional Agent
a. Floodplain bluff
b. Pothole
c. Natural levee
d. Stalactite
e. Cave
f. Delta
g. Alluvial fan
5. Diagram a cuesta and a hogback, taking care to show the difference between them. Show and label the caprock on each and label the dip slope and escarpment on each. Then below on the next page, indicate typical rock types of the escarpment and the dip slope in an arid environment. Seven points total.
Cuesta Hogback
Typical
rock type of dip slopes: _______________________________
Typical
rock type of escarpments: ____________________________
6. Cuestas are often found around domes. In what direction (relative to the dome) do the escarpments of the cuestas face? (A one-word answer will do here.) Two points.
7. Diagram a radial drainage pattern, taking care to show what direction the rivers are flowing. Three points.
8. Diagram a synclinal mountain, showing and labeling the syncline and showing and labeling the mountain. Two points.
9. Diagram a cone of depression, showing and labeling it as well as showing and labeling the water table. Three points.
10. Diagram an artesian well, showing and labeling the related aquifer and aquicludes. Be certain that your diagram shows why artesian wells flow without being pumped. Four points.
Part IV. Place Names. Please locate each of the following in the proper location on the attached maps. Note: On almost every exam, some students plan to do the place names last and then forget to do so. To protect yourself, do them NOW. The names are also noted on the map(s).
1. Rocky Mountains
2. Mississippi River
3. Appalachian Mountains
Part V. Essay. Write on one (and one only) of the following questions. Before you start your answer, organize your thoughts, perhaps by sketching out a short outline. Begin your essay with a short introduction, and then make each paragraph of your answer correspond to a major section of your outline. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence, and then use the rest of the paragraph to amplify and support the topic sentence. End your essay with a short conclusion. Twenty points, so think carefully and do a good job.
Note: You are in college, and as a result, I
expect college-level writing. That
means complete sentences, correct spelling, logical thought, appropriate
presentation order, and diagrams where they would be helpful to understanding
the text. Be certain that your penmanship is legible as I cannot give you credit
for what I cannot decipher.
1. Describe the fluvial landforms that are typical of arid environments, explaining how they form where they do and why. A diagram of these features is essential. Note: This question is worth 20 points, so be certain that you do a good job describing and explaining each landform; simply listing the landforms will net you very few points.
See page 7 for the second question.
OR
2. Describe the landforms that are typical of karst and cave environments, explaining how and they form where they do and why. A diagram of these features is essential. Note: This question is worth 20 points, so be certain that you do a good job describing and explaining each landform; simply listing the landforms will net you very few points.